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HIPAA (Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act) is a federal law in the United States that sets standards for the protection of sensitive patient health information. Here are some key requirements and provisions of HIPAA:

1. Privacy Rule: The HIPAA Privacy Rule establishes national standards to protect individuals' medical records and other personal health information. It applies to health plans, healthcare clearinghouses, and healthcare providers that conduct certain healthcare transactions electronically.

2. Protected Health Information (PHI): HIPAA protects all individually identifiable health information held or transmitted by a covered entity or its business associate, in any form or medium.

3. Authorization for Disclosure: Covered entities must obtain written authorization from patients before disclosing their PHI for purposes not covered by the Privacy Rule.

4. Patient Rights: HIPAA grants patients several rights, including the right to access their medical records, request amendments to their records, and obtain an accounting of disclosures of their PHI.